Used Continuous Press for sale (16,914)

Year of construction: 2012, condition: ready for operation (used), Continuous fusing press for sale. Working width: 700mm, factory overhauled: April 2012, control: PLC control. Equipped with infeed conveyor, discharge conveyor. Weight: approx. 650kg, overall dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 3350mm/1250mm/1200mm. Inspection possible by appointment. Crsdpfx Acsy Uydropsh

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008708, Position 1: Continuous Cycle Presses BIELE-FRAME ASSEMBLY + PRESSING LINE Crodpfx Ajztaufecpsh

Condition: good (used), Columbian Press 1858 Letterpress Manufactured in Great Britain by Henry Watts Year of manufacture 1858. Codjztn S Ejpfx Acpsrh Can be used as a work machine or as a museum exhibit.

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008215, Max working length: 2300 mm Max working width: 1300 mm Pressure Exerted: 15 Kg/cm2 No of Pressing cylinders: 4 Cedpsx A Tihsfx Acperh No of Daylights: 10

Year of construction: 2023, condition: used, 5-drawer chest with Bystronic press brake blades See photos for details Credozyq Ipopfx Acpjh Online auction of modern and very well maintained metalworking machines (e.g. 2023 BYSTRONIC BYSMART FIBER 3015 10kW laser incl. tower- and sheet storage modules complete, 2x 2023 BYSTRONIC XPERT PRO press brakes, 3x 2023 VALK WELDING incl. PANASONIC welding robots, Q-FIN deburring and finishing, KASTO automatic saws, SIEGMUND welding clamping tables, HAAS machine tools etc.), previously in use at Lemken, the well-known manufacturer of agricultural equipment - including plows and seeders - in Dinteloord, The Netherlands, due to the relocation of the manufacturing. The online auction opens Thursday 3 September and closes Thursday 8 October. Register your account via our website and place your bid. For viewings and inspections check the auction information on the website. Viewing day is on: - Tuesday 6 October Dome Auctions is an innovative auction platform dedicated exclusively to the industrial sector. By focusing on machinery sales from business closures, restructurings, and bankruptcies, we provide a trusted marketplace where buyers and sellers connect with confidence. Unlike general auction houses, Dome Auctions specializes in selling complete industrial assets directly from factories, ensuring quality and reliability. With a commitment to transparency, industry expertise, and tailored service, we streamline the sales process and maximize value for all parties. As online auctions continue to grow in the European industrial market, Dome Auctions offers a professional and efficient solution for companies seeking high-quality machinery at competitive prices.

Year of construction: 2023, condition: used, Empty weight: 6.500 kg Height: 20 cm Lift height: 200 cm Supply voltage: 400 V Serial number: 23515076 Working length: 1530 mm Maximum thrust: 800 kN Maximum lifting height: 200 mm Weight: 6500 kg Main motor power: 15 kW Operating voltage: 400 V/50 Hz Control voltage: 24 V DC Crodpfszyq Iijx Acpoh Hydraulic operating pressure: 320 bar Hours of operation: 4,180 hours New price in 2023 indicational EUR 120.000 Online auction of modern and very well maintained metalworking machines (e.g. 2023 BYSTRONIC BYSMART FIBER 3015 10kW laser incl. tower- and sheet storage modules complete, 2x 2023 BYSTRONIC XPERT PRO press brakes, 3x 2023 VALK WELDING incl. PANASONIC welding robots, Q-FIN deburring and finishing, KASTO automatic saws, SIEGMUND welding clamping tables, HAAS machine tools etc.), previously in use at Lemken, the well-known manufacturer of agricultural equipment - including plows and seeders - in Dinteloord, The Netherlands, due to the relocation of the manufacturing. The online auction opens Thursday 3 September and closes Thursday 8 October. Register your account via our website and place your bid. For viewings and inspections check the auction information on the website. Viewing day is on: - Tuesday 6 October Dome Auctions is an innovative auction platform dedicated exclusively to the industrial sector. By focusing on machinery sales from business closures, restructurings, and bankruptcies, we provide a trusted marketplace where buyers and sellers connect with confidence. Unlike general auction houses, Dome Auctions specializes in selling complete industrial assets directly from factories, ensuring quality and reliability. With a commitment to transparency, industry expertise, and tailored service, we streamline the sales process and maximize value for all parties. As online auctions continue to grow in the European industrial market, Dome Auctions offers a professional and efficient solution for companies seeking high-quality machinery at competitive prices.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2024, functionality: fully functional, In this listing, you are purchasing a second-hand ‘Lotus Press LTS 138’ textile press Item for sale: 1x Lotus Press LTS 138 Credezy U Uyjpfx Acpoh Condition: This listing is for a second-hand machine, which may show signs of wear (minor scratches or discolouration). The machine has been tested to ensure it is in working order Packaging and dispatch: You are welcome to view the machine during our opening hours. Please arrange an appointment to do so! Sea-worthy packaging and worldwide dispatch available on request! For further information, please feel free to contact us directly.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2022, functionality: fully functional, stroke length: 800 mm, ram plate width: 1,200 mm, ram plate length: 2,200 mm, overall weight: 100,000 kg, 2022 Macrodyne 1500T Hydraulic Hot Forging Press. Condition Very Good. Weight 100000 kg. Refer to attachments in the documents sections for more information. Unit available immediately. Buyer responsible for removal, contractor must be licensed and insured. MAXIMUM PRESSING FORCE 15,000 KN Codpfx Aoz Hb T Hjcperh USABLE BED BOLSTER SIZE (L-R X F-B) 2200 mm X 1200 mm USABLE RAM BOLSTER SIZE (L-R X F-B) 2200 mm X 1200 mm DISTANCE BETWEEN TENSION MEMBERS (L-R) 2400 mm DISTANCE BETWEEN TENSION MEMBERS (F-B X HEIGHT) 750 mm X 1473 mm DAYLIGHT 1400 mm SHUT HEIGHT 600 mm STROKE 800 mm TOP EJECTOR CAPACITY (STATIONS 3 & 4) 750 KN TOP EJECTOR STROKE (STATIONS 3 & 4) 90 mm BOTTOM EJECTOR CAPACITY (STATION 3) 750 KN BOTTOM EJECTOR STROKE 200 mm MAXIMUM PUNCH WEDGE CAPACITY (STATION 4) 6000 KN

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, pressing force: 100 t, stroke length: 380 mm, table width: 300 mm, table length: 1,500 mm, throat depth: 1,100 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Pressing force: 100 t Max. stroke: 380 mm Stroke length: 100 mm Overhang: 1,100 mm Vertical adjustment: 750 mm Table length: 1,500 mm Table width: 300 mm Width between uprights: 1,100 mm Clearance under the hydraulic cylinder: approx. 1,100 mm MACHINE DETAILS Press type: Single-acting Control system: Conventional Motor power: 3.0 kW Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 1,450 x 800 x 2,200 mm Net weight: 970 kg Shipping packages: 1 unit Credpfjzxcldex Acpeh EQUIPMENT Movable press cylinder Documentation CE certificate CE marking

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, Also, different models are available! IMPORTANT: THE MACHINE WILL BE BRAND NEW The compression chamber walls are covered with HARDOX material for long-term life-cycle and friction resistance. A hydraulic Oil Cooling system is implemented for efficiency in hot climate conditions. Cylinder Rods are induction-hardened and chrome-plated. Pumps and valves of hydraulic systems are from worldwide reputable brands such as PARKER, and BOSCH-REXROTH. The machine is fully automatic by PLC control. It is easy to use with the help of the touch screen. All electrical and electronic parts are by SCHNEIDER and SIEMENS Brands. Csdpfx Acsd Iya Njpjrh The machine is CE-certified. The marking certifies that a product has met European Directives regarding consumer safety, health, or environmental requirements. Machine will be under AYMAS Makina San. Ve Tic. A. Ş. Guarantee against manufacturing defects for one (1) year or two thousand five hundred (2.500) working hours. SEE THE TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION BELOW Bale Size 400mm x 400mm x... Bale Weight 100-180 kg (Steel), 40-100 kg (Aluminium),120-180 kg (Copper) Press Box Dimensions (Width x Length x Height): 1.000mm x 2.600mm x 900mm Loading Bunker Dimensions (Width x Length x Height): 1.500mm x 2.200mm x 650mm Feeding Opening: 1.000mm x 1.600mm Capacity*

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1988, pressure 400 t distance between columns 1100 mm stroke 250 mm no. of strokes 25 - 75 /min distance table/ram, max. stroke up, adjustment up 900 mm table surface area 1100 x 965 mm capacity of ejector in table 30 t ejector stroke of ejector in table 80 mm capacity of ejector in ram 3 t stroke of ejector in ram 60 / 70 mm ram surface 980 x 800 mm column travel -side 800 mm ram adjustment 20 mm power capacity 80,0 + 5,5 kW weight 47,0 t Csdpfx Acezrpt Ujpsrh Dimensions (WxDxH) 3,5 x 3,3 x 6,0 m weight of switch cabinet 1,4 t dimensions of electrical cabinet (WxDxH) 4,9 x 0,5 x 2,6 m Multi-station cold extrusion press with link drive with infinitely variable drive, hydraulic clutch-brake combination (Ortlinghaus), hydraulic overload protection in the slide, motorised slide adjustment, pneumatic counterbalance cylinder in press frame, cam-controlled ejector in table (30 t / 80 mm), pneumatic ejector in slide (3 t, 60 mm), motorised central lubrication

Condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, total width: 15,000 mm, total length: 240,000 mm, total height: 9,000 mm, Model: Saxon 5 Manufacturer: Fischbein Machine type: Continuous hot‑air bag sealer Power: 220V single‑phase, 66 A Typical use: Sealing pillow‑style heat‑sealable plastic bags in fast‑paced production lines Codpfez H T Dwox Acporh

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, Also, different models are available! IMPORTANT: THE MACHINE WILL BE BRAND NEW The compression chamber walls are covered with HARDOX material for long-term life-cycle and friction resistance. A hydraulic Oil Cooling system is implemented for efficiency in hot climate conditions. Cylinder Rods are induction-hardened and chrome-plated. Pumps and valves of hydraulic systems are from worldwide reputable brands such as PARKER, and BOSCH-REXROTH. The machine is fully automatic by PLC control. It is easy to use with the help of the touch screen. All electrical and electronic parts are by SCHNEIDER and SIEMENS Brands. The machine is CE-certified. The marking certifies that a product has met European Directives regarding consumer safety, health, or environmental requirements. Credpfx Aodfcqajcpsh Machine will be under Aymas Makina San. Ve Tic. A. Ş. Guarantee against manufacturing defects for one (1) year or two thousand five hundred (2.500) working hours. SEE THE TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION BELOW Bale Size 400mm x 400mm x... Bale Weight 120-180 kg (Steel), 50-80 kg (Aluminium),150-200 kg (Copper) Press Box Dimensions (Width x Length x Height): 1.000mm x 2.700mm x 900mm Loading Bunker Dimensions (Width x Length x Height): 1.650mm x 2.300mm x 800mm Feeding Opening: 1.000mm x 1.600mm Capacity*

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2001, functionality: fully functional, power: 3.2 kW (4.35 HP), input voltage: 380 V, input current: 6 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, pressing force: 40 t, stroke length: 100 mm, table width: 450 mm, table length: 600 mm, throat depth: 200 mm, ram plate width: 400 mm, ram plate length: 260 mm, clearance between the columns: 260 mm, overall weight: 2,600 kg, Equipment: CE marking, safety light barrier, 2001 Presse Ross 40V-4 40 ton mechanical press with Brankamp Prokos PK550/3 monitoring, Soprem powered decoiler and safety guarding. Manufacturer: Presse Ross Model: 40V-4 Machine Type: Mechanical Press Year: 2001 Condition: Very Good Includes: Brankamp Prokos PK550/3 Process Monitoring Control Soprem RMI 50 F1 Powered Auto/Manual Decoiler Interlocked safety guards Separate control panel with two hand control Machine Description Used 2001 Presse Ross Type 40V-4 40 tonne mechanical eccentric power press, complete with Brankamp Prokos PK550/3 process monitoring control, Soprem RMI 50 F1 powered automatic/manual decoiler, interlocked perimeter safety guarding and separate control panel with two-hand operation. This Italian-built Presse Ross 40V-4 mechanical stamping press has a nominal pressing capacity of 400 kN / 40 tonnes, an adjustable 7–100 mm ram stroke and variable operating speed of approximately 68–203 strokes per minute. The included Brankamp Prokos PK550/3 process monitoring system is designed for monitoring press-production parameters and identifying abnormal process conditions. Brankamp/Prokos systems of this type monitor manufacturing process signals such as pressing/forming forces and can be used to identify deviations during production. Technical Specification Manufacturer: Presse Ross Model / Type: 40V-4 Year: 2001 Serial Number: 02-0297 Press Type: Mechanical eccentric / flywheel press Nominal Press Force: 400 kN / approx. 40 tonnes Ram / Slide Guides: 4 Adjustable Stroke: 7–100 mm Ram / Slide Adjustment: 60 mm Maximum Shut / Closed Die Height: 275 mm Variable Stroke Rate: Approx. 68–203 strokes/min Nominal Speed: 150 strokes/min Throat Depth: Approx. 200 mm Frame Opening / Passage: Approx. 260 mm Table Size: 600 × 450 mm Table Thickness: Approx. 55 mm Table Opening: Approx. 120 mm Ram / Slide Surface: 400 × 260 mm Tool Shank / Ram Bore: 50 mm Motor Power: 3.2 kW Motor Speed: 2,000 rpm Electrical Supply: 380 V / 50 Hz Maximum Flywheel Speed: Approx. 203 rpm Compressed Air Supply: Approx. 0.5–0.7 MPa Machine Weight: Approx. 2,600 kg Included Equipment Brankamp Prokos PK550/3 Process Monitoring Control Process monitoring equipment for monitoring press operation and production parameters, useful for detecting process deviations and helping protect tooling and production quality. Soprem RMI 50 F1 Powered Decoiler – 1992 Powered coil decoiler with automatic/manual operation, suitable for supplying strip material to the press for coil-fed production. Safety Equipment Interlocked safety guarding Separate operator control panel Two-hand press control Guard interlocking Emergency-stop controls Machine Highlights 40 tonne / 400 kN capacity Variable-speed mechanical press 7–100 mm adjustable stroke Up to approximately 203 strokes/min 600 × 450 mm bolster/table Brankamp Prokos PK550/3 process monitoring Soprem powered automatic/manual decoiler included Cjdpfjz Irbqjx Acperh Interlocked safety guarding Separate two-hand control station Italian-manufactured Presse Ross press Condition Used machine. Please contact us for further information, photographs, availability, inspection arrangements and pricing. Please Note: All specifications, dimensions, capacities and descriptions are approximate and provided in good faith. Prospective purchasers should independently verify all important specifications and machine suitability before purchase.

Condition: good (used), WF HHP 625 – Horizontal Press Year: 2006 Manufacturer: WF Maschinenbau u. Blechformtechnik GmbH & Co KG Germany Machine Model: WF HHP 625 Machine Type: Horizontal Hydraulic Press Technical Specifications: Maximum workpiece diameter: 625 mm Minimum workpiece diameter: 350 mm Maximum workpiece length: 325 mm Maximum press stroke: 750 mm Maximum press force: 2000 kN Siemens 840D control system Parker hydraulic components Hydraulic oil tank capacity: approx. 800 liters Required cooling water for hydraulic system: approx. 1000 l/h Cooling water inlet temperature: max. 25°C Air supply connection: 6 bar / ½” Ambient operating temperature: 10°C – 40°C Hydraulic Equipment: Main Hydraulic Motor: Manufacturer: Blumenbecker Type: 14BG 207-4AA 200L Power: 30 kW Voltage: 400V / 50Hz Speed: 1465 rpm Secondary Hydraulic Motor: Manufacturer: Blumenbecker Type: 7AA 132 S-4 Cjdpfx Acszb Il Nopjrh Power: 5.5 kW Voltage: 400V / 50Hz Speed: 1450 rpm Hydraulic Pump: Manufacturer: Parker Type: PV080R1K1T1NSLD Internal Gear Pump: Manufacturer: Denison / Parker Type: T6CMYR20-1-R_00C1 Flow rate: 93 l/min at 1450 rpm Central Lubrication Unit: Manufacturer: Vogel Type: MFE5-BW7+299 Oil Spray Unit: Manufacturer: Vogel Type: MFE5-BW7+299 Machine Dimensions (Transport Position): Width: approx. 2600 mm Length: approx. 5800 mm Height: approx. 2400 mm Weight: approx. 20,000 kg Additional Information: Hydraulic horizontal press with automated loading/unloading preparation Robot loading interface prepared (robot not included) Transport and lifting drawings available Original manuals and technical documentation included

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, pressing force: 86 t, stroke length: 215 mm, overall weight: 7,300 kg, TECHNICAL DETAILS Pressing force: max. 850 kN Stroke: max. 215 mm Operating pressure: max. 300 bar Follow-up time: max. 95 ms Follow-up travel at 220 mm/s: max. 10 mm Follow-up travel at 160 mm/s: max. 8.5 mm Safety distance: min. 190 mm MACHINE DETAILS Voltage: 3 × 400 V Rated current: 24.0 A Frequency: 50 Hz Connected power: 17.0 kVA Control voltage: 24 V DC Crsdsz Hvgzopfx Acpsh Compressed air connection: 6 bar Weight of the press: 7,300 kg

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2014, Weima briquette press. Model: C150 Year: 2014 Machine no.: 910-943 Extra inlet: 1100x1100x900 mm Includes briquette conveyor. Mounted chip storage hopper. Separate oil cooler for continuous operation. Stock no.: 2002961BXA Technical data Csdpez Iz Uyefx Acpjrh Motor: 5.5 kW 400 V, 50 Hz, 3-phase Output: approx. 40 kg briquettes/hour Briquette diameter: 50 mm

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008341, Max working length: 2480 mm Max working width: 880 mm No of Pressing cylinders: 4 No of Daylights: 1 Crjdpfx Acsx A Tf Ajpjh

Condition: good (used), Proofing press 55x65cm Antique The machine is in very good condition, can be used as an exhibit or as a printing machine. Max. format 550×650 mm Weight 650 kg Cjdpfx Acsztn Sljporh Flow table, system of claws holding the sheet. Electrically driven spreading roller.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1982, Technical details: pressure: 16 t stroke: 250 mm throat: 270 mm dayligth: ca. 400 mm table surface area: 800 x 500 mm boring diameter: Ø 50 mm ram surface area: 220 x 360 mm mortise hole in ram: Ø 40 mm table height over floor: 970 mm voltage: 380 / 50 Hz V control voltage: 220 V / 50 Hz total power requirement: 3,0 kW weight of the machine ca.: 2,3 t dimension machine xH: 1,8 x 1,5 x 2,72 m Press frame in robust welded construction. Adjustment of the operating mode via switch: inching, two-hand, foot or continuous operation with feed Press has a piece counter on the side with overload protection (pressure relief valve) with cutting shock damping Light curtain SICK optical electronics (can be repaired optionally) Cjdpfx Aeu Nfmyjcporh *

Condition: good (used), Letterpress printing press, foot operated Made in Germany Fully original machine. Crsdpfxoztn Sre Acpeh A brilliant looking exhibit to put in a company lobby. A manually added piston. Rollers Format of the pressure 35x24cm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2010, No. 3214 Feed-through veneer press Sergiani LAS Plus Used, year of construction 2010, already dismantled and stored Automatic press with continuous operation for the production of barrier doors, finished doors (veneer doors, HPL, CPL) and pre-treated parquet (2 - 3 layers). The press can be used to load the workpieces one after the other, while the pressure in the other compartments is kept constant. Up to 2 employees are required to operate the line. The multi-daylight press enables a very high production output. The pressing time is approx. 3 minutes (180 seconds) and is spread over 10 levels, which means that the press opens every 18 seconds and a new panel is processed. The press has already been dismantled and stored. The system was in operation until it was dismantled. The previous owner produced 3-layer parquet with the system. The bottom layer was inserted manually. The middle layer consists of one piece. This was glued at the top and bottom and automatically inserted into the system. The top layer was also inserted automatically. Credpfx Asv Sthgscpsh Glue spreader / glue applicator not included (optionally available) Stages: 10 Pressing force: approx. 5.5 kg/cm² Total force: 200 tons Panel size: approx. 2500 x 1300 mm LW Heating: Hot water Area of application: Production of doors, laminating, veneer and wood-based material processing High productivity with a capacity of up to 1200 doors per shift (factory specification) Vacuum loading system with 2-lane infeed roller conveyor, without gluing Scissor lift table with loading belt (belt approx. 2900 x 1000 mm LW) Vacuum stacking station with outfeed roller conveyor Space requirement for press with loading table approx. 6500 x 2365 mm LW Space requirement for entire production line approx. 25000 x 5710 mm LW Sale on behalf of customer, ex location near 5020 Salzburg (Austria), without transportation and assembly Loading and transportation by us optionally possible Subject to errors in the description and price To avoid possible misunderstandings, an on-site inspection by appointment is possible and recommended Sold as is Technical details, condition description, year of construction and scope of delivery according to manufacturer's brochure or previous owner, without guarantee Subject to prior sale For used machines, any warranty is excluded, the following applies: “purchased as seen” Pictures and videos serve as examples and do not represent the actual scope of delivery Terms of payment: Prices excl. VAT, payment before collection or dispatch Terms of delivery: ex location

Condition: used, HYDRAULIC PRESS SMG PRESSURE 300t LENGHT OF STROKE 700mm Csdotndu Ujpfx Acpjrh POWER 30kw UP TABLE DIMENSIONS 1500(1600)x1300mm DOWN TABLE DIMENSIONS 1500(1600)x1300mm CUSHION 100t CUSHION LENGTH OF STROKE 280mm WEIGHT 28.000kgr FULL RECONDITION LIKE NEW CHANGE EVERYTHING (SEALS PUMPS etc)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1990, Technical details: Codsu Icxqspfx Acperh Pressure: 63 t distance between columns: 200 mm stroke: 150 mm dayligth: 430 mm no. of strokes: 400 Hub/min T-slots H 12 650: 18 mm hole in table: 420x160 b x l mm ram surface area: 650 x 450 mm control: Wanske Tronicpress CNC passage of columns: 550x540 mm tank: 200 l stroke of ram - fixed: 100 mm ram diameter: 40 mm table height over floor: 1000 mm table: 600x450 mm table height over floor with metal base stand: 880 mm total power requirement: 30 kW weight of the machine ca.: 3,9 t Hydraulic automatic punching press for precision work (high-speed press) - for punching, drawing, pressing, minting, bending, riveting, straightening, assembling - with hydraulic gripper feed type HS 150 and 7-roller straightener (moving) - Normal strips of approx. 0.4mm - 2.5mm thickness x approx. 160mm width, as well as narrow strips up to approx. 4mm can be processed. Feed length can be adjusted as required via the control unit. - with ram round column guide - with automatic central lubrication - High-speed: up to 400 strokes min-1 - motorized adjustable fixed stop (bottom can be adjusted by hand/motorized) - Operating modes such as continuous stroke and/or single stroke Equipment: - 1x hydraulic unit - 2x control cabinets *

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, operating hours: 23,390 h, pressing force: 85 t, overall weight: 8,600 kg, controller model: TASC 6000, operating pressure: 300 bar, TECHNICAL DETAILS Pressing force: 85 t Pressing force: 850 kN Operating pressure: 300 bar MACHINE DETAILS Control system: TASC 6000 Control voltage: 24 V Follow-up time: 95 ms Follow-up distance at 220 mm/s: 10 mm Follow-up distance at 160 mm/s: 8.5 mm Safety distance: 190 mm Voltage: 3 × 400 V Rated current: 24.0 A Frequency: 50 Hz Connected power: 17.0 kVA Compressed air connection: 6 bar Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L × W × H): 2,500 × 1,500 × 2,000 mm Crjdpfx Aoz Hxtdjcpeh Machine weight: 8,600 kg Operating hours, hydraulics: 23,390 h