Used Double Column for sale (15,513)

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1998, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 3,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 2,360 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,000 mm, spindle speed (max.): 15,000 rpm, controller model: Heidenhain TNC430 PA, Submitting a bid obligates you to collect the machine on time, during calendar week 25! TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel range X-axis: 3,000 mm Travel range Y-axis: 2,360 mm Travel range Z-axis: 1,000 mm Feed rate X-axis: 20 m/min Feed rate Y-axis: 20 m/min Feed rate Z-axis: 20 m/min Rapid traverse rate X-axis: 20 m/min Rapid traverse rate Y-axis: 20 m/min Rapid traverse rate Z-axis: 20 m/min Spindle speed (max.): 15,000 rpm Torque: 57 Nm Spindle power: 18 kW Work table (L x W x H): 4,500 x 2,000 x 400 mm T-slots, lengthwise: 18H12 Tedpfxjy Sxkre Afxjb Distance between T-slots: 250 mm Tool interface: HSK 63 F Tool clamping: hydraulic MACHINE DETAILS Control system: Heidenhain TNC430 PA Type of input current: Three-phase Power requirement: 20 kW Frequency: 50 Hz Voltage: 400 V Fuse rating: 63 A Dimensions & Weight Machine footprint without control cabinet (L x W x H): 6,000 x 3,500 x 4,050 mm Total weight: 15,000 kg EQUIPMENT Spindle speed infinitely adjustable Tool changer TT140 measuring probe Note: Machine without enclosure. The zero-point clamping plates and other accessories shown in the pictures are not included in the scope of delivery.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1991, pressure 400 t stroke 300 mm table surface area 1200 x 700 mm ram surface 1200 x 700 mm dayligth 500 mm adjustment of stroke 300 mm return capacity 348 kN Todpfxstqqlco Afxsb capacity of ejector 100 kN ejector stroke 100 mm control SIEMENS Simatic S 5 total power requirement 65 kW weight of the machine ca. 28 t dimensions of machine L x W x H 4,4 x 2,75 x 4,0 m = hydr. punching and embossing press Accessories: tool changing table - with cutting shock absorption damping force 4000 kN damping stroke 5 mm spindle adjustment 200 m

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1982, Used Noble & Lund Double Column Plano Milling machine model P/RLMA with vertical milling head and planing head. Serial #6344P Year of manufacture: October 1982. Tedpfjh U Nvkjx Afxob MACHINE FORMERLY INSTALLED AT ROLLS ROYCE PLC IN DERBY UK. IMMEDIATELY FOR SALE AND NOW LOCATED IN BELGUIM WHERE IT CAN BE INSPECTED. SPECIFICATION TABLE WORKING AREA 5’-0 x 16’ 0”( 1524mm x 4876mm) MAX COMPONENT HEIGHT 5’0 (1524 mm) DISTANCE BETWEEN COLUMNS 6’1” (1866mm) MAX. WEIGHT OF WORKPIECE 15000kgs RAM TRAVEL 4’0”(914mm) RAM SECTION 14” x 14”(355 x 355 mm) SPINDLE TAPER ISO 50 MILLING SPINDLE MOTOR 40HP (30Kw) MILLING FEED RATES / MIN 1”-48”/MIN( 25-1200MM/MIN) PLANING MOTOR 40HP(30 Kw) MILLING SPINDLE SPEEDS 7-835 RPM ELECTRICAL SUPPLY 415V 3Ph 50Hz LENGTH TBA MM WIDTH TBA MM HEIGHT TBA MM WEIGHT 42000 KGS NOTE: The information contained herein is provided in good faith, but however due to unforeseen errors or omissions cannot be binding as to accuracy.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1980, spindle diameter 135 mm x-travel 950 mm distance between columns 1100 mm y-travel 700 mm Tedpfx Afsy Ehwhexjb cross rail adjustment - vertical 780 mm quill travel 300 mm max. distance between table and spindle-nose 1000 mm table surface area 1100x842 mm table load 1500 kg speeds 40-2000 U/min adjustment speed 5-1500 mm/min electrics - voltage/frequency 380/50 V/Hz total power requirement 8 kW weight of the machine ca. 9,5 t dimensions of the machine ca. 3,3x2,34x2,8 m total power requirement 8 kW weight of the machine ca. 9,5 t dimensions of the machine ca. 3,3x2,34x2,8 m

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1962, x-travel 6300 mm y-travel 2200 mm workpiece height 1835 mm Table area 6000x1835 mm Rest 2 Side head 2 number of T-slots 7 T-slot - distance 240 mm T-slot - width 28 mm Tsdjyqud Dopfx Afxob bed length 14650 mm column daylight 2075 mm feed 5-60 m/min workpiece weight 15000 kg weight of the machine ca. 55 t dimensions of the machine ca. 14,65x4,37x4,05 m The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: used, overall weight: 208 kg, total length: 400 mm, total width: 400 mm, total height: 470 mm, Erowa ER-051145 FL-AA0324 Double side tooling column with Erowa Tedoywy U Aopfx Afxob Mounting holes System Erowa Length 400 mm Width 400 mm Height 470 mm Weight 208 kg If you have any questions concerning the machine, please do not hesitate to contact us by phone or e-mail. Feel free to view our other advertisements for a complete overview of our stock.

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 52 / 519, spindle diameter:90 mm x-travel:700 mm Todpoh Ra Stjfx Afxsb distance between columns:900 mm size of table:770 x 900 mm x-Travel:700 mm y-travel:500 mm z-travel:1100 mm feed range - table:15 - 280 mm/min rapid traverse Z-axis:530 m/min spindle bore diameter / taper:MT4 (Morse) mm spindle bore diameter:max. 230 mm spindle stroke - max.:170 mm spindle speeds low range:10 U/min spindle speed high range:2000 U/min vertical feeds of spindle head::0.02 - 0,2 mm/r feed steps:6 Main spindle capacity:3 kW total power requirement:4,2 kW weight of the machine ca.:4 t dimensions of the machine ca.:1,9 x 2,2 x 2,4 m Hauser (SIP) High Precision Co-ordinated Jig Boring Machine, Model - M5 Douple Column Design Boring machine Large table (900 x 770 mm) for bulky Objects. All Axis are equipped with Fine Dial for High Presion Boring. A Complete Accesseries and tools are Avilable with the machine ( Drill Bits, Drill Chucks, Multiple Boring heads, Boring Inserts and Bits, Small and large rotary index table for small and big loads).

Condition: used, Double-column Hydraulic Press SCHÖN Type SH 25 Machine No. 2440 Year of manufacture: 1979 Press force: 25 tons Column spacing: 630 mm Lateral passage between columns: 120 mm Table area: 580 x 320 mm Ram area: 360 x 220 mm Clamping pin hole: Ø 40 mm Maximum ram stroke: 100 mm Maximum installation height: 270 mm Table height above floor: 900 mm Tjdpeyz Dr Tjfx Afxeb Motor power: 7.5 kW Power supply: 380 Volt, 50 Hz - Main cylinder overhauled in 2025 - SICK LUV 206 safety light curtain - Two-hand control - Stroke counter - Rapid stroke and working stroke - Stroke limitation dependent on pressure or position - Mechanically adjustable fixed stop - Press force regulation - Press time extension 1–10 s (pressure holding time) - No operating manual and no wiring diagrams Required space (L x W x H): 1450 x 1100 x 2200 mm Weight: 1200 kg In good condition

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2023, pressing force: 120 t, table length: 600 mm, table width: 600 mm, Here are the technical data of the offered machine: Technical data + information: HB 2021-A-188, oil hydraulic double column press 120 T bottom piston heating press. - idle speed up to 40 mm/sec - Opening speed up to 40 mm/sec - Starting press speed 5-15 mm/sec - Table size/heating plate size 600 × 600 mm - ram size/heating plate size 600 × 600 mm - 2 heating plates, electrically heated, up to 250 degrees - as OPTION - total size approx. 2000 × 1000 × 2800 mm height - Oil temperature control - Automatic lubrication - Free positioning of the ram - SICK/LEUTZE light barriers 14,1 mm on front side - Circuit oil cooling - Pressure holding valve 0 to 1800 sec. - Rear monitored door - Pressure adjustment from 30 T to 120 T - Travel limitation either by pressure or position - Programming set-up mode, single stroke (adjustable via rotary switch) - Control panel permanently installed in cabinet wall - Two-hand operation Tsdpfx Afsk S Dt Texeb - Machine body double painted - Signal light: red: alarm, yellow baking phase, green: ready - Heating plates with electric heating rods, up to max. 250 degrees - Assembly, commissioning, instruction against separate charge Thermally neutral 80 - 120 °C Number of operating sides 1 side Forces Pressing force max. 1,600 kN Free ripping force max. 200 kN Pressure build-up time closed die steel to steel Max. 8 sec. Dimensions Max. Opening width per compartment 200 mm Stroke and min. opening per compartment 400/200 mm Table height above floor, without heating pl. 850 mm Height above floor (overall height) approx. 2.800 mm Hall height min. 3,500 mm Parallel deviation at 20 °C +/- 0.1 mm Deflection Determined at max. clamping force with 70 % occupancy ≤ 0.2 mm/m Total weight of the press without operating materials approx. 9 to Accessories: 4 HEATING PLATES 500 × 400 mm, max. heating capacity Equipped with temperature sensor 300 degrees Speeds Fast closing with 15 mm sec. Pressing speed 10 mm sec. Sound pressure level, measured at 1.5 m height at the control panel according to DIN 45635-T16-KL3 max. 8 db(A) Number of pressing cylinders 1 pc. Operating pressure max. 240 bar Pressing pressure build-up time 4 sec. Pressure accuracy during pressing stroke +/- 5 bar Main pump BOSCHREXROTH gear pump approx. 48 L/min Oil volume approx. HLP 46 MW 300 liters Ambient temperature max. 40 °C Oil temperature max. 55 °C Automatic pressure readjustment after 5 % pressure loss Pressure stabilization for up to 1800 sec. Electrical system Main supply 400 V AC Control voltage Hydraulic pumps 24 V DC 24 V DC Frequency 50 Hz Connection hydraulic main motor 15 kW Total connection approx. without heating plates 19 kW ##### If the press does not exactly meet your requirements, please click to request an individual offer exactly according to your needs: Contact us for an individual offer HIDROBRASIL manufactures presses exactly according to your requirements at surprisingly low prices! Our great strength is special machine construction and press automation. We sell customized hydraulic presses, press brakes and impact shears at surprisingly low prices. For the hydraulics of the presses we mainly use components of leading European manufacturers.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2019, machine/vehicle number: DF0303, pressing force: 160 t, table length: 550 mm, table width: 500 mm, working height: 550 mm, pressure:160 t distance between columns:700 mm stroke:400 mm Return Capacity:16 t Engine Output:15 kW Travel:400 mm :550 mm Ram plate:700 x 600 mm table height over floor:900 mm Table size:700 x 600 mm speed of forward flow:50 mm/sec Pressing speed:10 mm/sec :50 mm/sec Oil cooling (electric):1,5 kW (max) Oil Tank Capacity:300 l weight of the machine ca.:4,3 t dimensions:1150 x 2600 x 2400 m ejector:30 x 30 mm ejector stroke:150 mm pressure of ejector:15 t Tedpfx Afefxygpoxsb ejector speed:25 mm/sec no. of ejector pins:1 Stück Heating panels (L x B) with 2 measuring sensors diagonally:550 x 500 mm Siemens Control System:S7 1200 Monitor:12 Zoll :2400 ? :1200 ? :1200 ?

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, Technical details: faceplate diameter: 4770 mm swing diameter: 7000 mm turning height: 1000 mm slide stroke: 1000 mm workpiece weight max.: 100000 kg faceplate turning speed range: 2 - 20 U/min feed speeds: 1 - 10000 mm/min rapid traverse: 10 m/min Tsdpfx Afevb Hlwjxjb ram head dimension: 250 x 250 mm main drive: 100 kW total power requirement: 200 kW with CNC SIEMENS 840 D 2 Vertical Supports with toolchanger 12 pockets C-axis and driven tooling SK 50 37 Kw 3000 rpm Chip conveyor and coolant attachment *

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1965, Dimensions (L/W/H) 10460,0 × 5715,0 × 5537 mm spindle head adjustment horizontal 3160 mm spindle head adjustment vertikal 1000 mm Tjdouh E Tbjpfx Afxeb hobbing length 2250 mm weight of the machine ca. ca. 76660 kg t

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2019, machine/vehicle number: DF0303, pressing force: 160 t, table length: 550 mm, table width: 500 mm, working height: 700 mm, pressure:160 t distance between columns:700 mm stroke:400 mm Return Capacity:16 t Engine Output:15 kW Travel:400 mm :600 mm Ram plate:700 x 600 mm Tedpfxefxyh Rs Afxjb table height over floor:850 mm Table size:700 x 600 mm speed of forward flow:10 mm/sec Pressing speed:10 mm/sec :10 mm/sec Oil cooling (electric):1,5 kW (max) Oil Tank Capacity:300 l weight of the machine ca.:4,2 t dimensions:950 x 2440 x 2400 m ejector:30 x 30 mm ejector stroke:150 mm pressure of ejector:15 t ejector speed:25 mm/sec no. of ejector pins:1 Stück heating plates :550 x 500 mm :6800 ? :2400 ? :1200 ? :1200 ?

Condition: used, Eccentric stamping press HAULICK + ROOS, Type RVD 125 Double-column eccentric press Machine No. 212560, Year of manufacture 1981 Pressing force 125 tons Table size 880 x 800 mm Table opening 470 x 140 mm Column distance 900 mm Column distance, side 415 mm Ram stroke 45 mm Tedehlnzkepfx Afxob Ram adjustment range 0-80 mm Installed height as shown in the picture 340 mm Stroke rate 50 to 300 strokes/min Motor power, main drive 22 kW Power connection 380 volts, 50 Hz - Double connecting rod drive with 4-bearing eccentric shaft for off-center ram pressure load - Adjacent electrical cabinet - NC roller feed EBU, width 250 mm, year of manufacture 2003 - Adjacent control panel for the roller feed - Strip feed direction from left to right Space requirement (press) L x W x H 3000 x 2000 x 3020 mm Transport height 2950 mm Weight of the press approx. 11 tons

Condition: used, Machine not operational - control system not functioning Available at a special price Double-column hydraulic press ALPHA TEC -- ALPHATEC Type RPS 5000 Factory No. 300487, Year of Manufacture 2006 Pressing force: 500 tons Distance between columns (front and rear): 2520 mm Table area: 2500 x 2500 mm Ram area: 2500 x 2500 mm Ram stroke: 600 mm Maximum installation height: 600 mm Table height above floor: approx. 900 mm Tank capacity: approx. 1000 liters Ram retraction force: approx. 22 tons Adjustable forward speed: 100-800 mm/s Pressure build-up to 5000 kN: approx. 0.7 sec. Tsdpfxsdzqptj Afxsb Return stroke speed: approx. 300 mm/s Main motor power: 75 kW Control pump motor power: 2.2 kW Power supply: 400 Volt, 50 Hz - 8-fold flat guide for the ram - Hydraulic ram locking in the top dead center position - Adjacent control cabinet (200 x 50 cm) - Electrical control system SIEMENS PLC S7-314 - Operation via SIEMENS OP 170-B (5.7") - 2-hand control panel located beside the machine - Floor-level installation - Table top 2510 x 2530 x 135 mm (approx. 6700 kg) - Central lubrication system - Operating manual with circuit diagrams Space requirement (L x W x H): 372 x 260 x 460 cm Space requirement for horizontal transport (L x W x H): 460 x 372 x 260 cm Weight: approx. 50 tons The machine was used for straightening heated steel flanges. From insolvency – in good condition.

Condition: used, Double-column hydraulic press SCHÖN Type SH 25 Machine no.: 4453 Year of manufacture: 1999 Pressing force: 25 tons Column width: 500 mm Lateral column clearance: 120 mm Table surface: 440 x 320 mm Table opening: Ø 175 mm Ram surface: 360 x 220 mm Clamping pin bore: Ø 40 mm Max. ram stroke: 100 mm Max. installation height: 270 mm Table height above floor: 900 mm Motor power: 7.5 kW Connection voltage: 380 V, 50 Hz Tedpfx Afsw A Amroxeb Equipment: - Safety light curtain SICK, type FGS 300-11 - Two-hand operation - Stroke counter - Rapid and working stroke - Stroke limitation dependent on pressure or position - Mechanically adjustable fixed stop - Pressing force regulation - Adjustable pressing time 1–10 s (pressure holding time) - Adjustable return stroke speed - Blow-off device electrically pre-wired, without air valve - Manual hydraulic tool safety, adjustable via handwheel Dimensions (L x W x H): 1300 x 1200 x 2200 mm Weight: approx. 1200 kg Good condition

Condition: used, Double-column hydraulic press, NEFF type RHS 125 Z Hydraulic drawing press Machine no. 3973, year of manufacture 1983 Pressing force 125 tons Column width 1050 mm Column opening, side 550 mm Table area 1000 x 800 mm Ram area 1000 x 800 mm Ram stroke 350 mm Installation height max. 750 mm Table height above floor 960 mm Drawing cushion force approx. 12 tons at 105 bar Drawing cushion stroke 100 mm Through-hole in the table Ø 202 mm Rapid traverse speed, downward approx. 360 mm/sec Rapid traverse speed, upward approx. 360 mm/sec Todpfxsguvtlo Afxsb Working speed approx. 36 mm/sec Oil tank capacity approx. 1000 liters Motor power, main pump 22 kW Motor power, control pump 4 kW Motor power, control pump 2.2 kW Power connection 400 volts, 50 Hz - Hydraulic drawing cushion under the table with a hole through the table plate Ø 202 mm - Precise 4-way column guidance on the ram corners - Stepless pressing force adjustment - Adjustable fixed stop, electrically controlled via a hydraulic motor - Stroke damping - 2-hand control panel for releasing the lifting motion on the press - Control cabinet positioned next to the press (1600 x 500 mm) - Documentation including operating manual, electrical wiring diagram, and PLC program printout available Space required for the press L x W x H 2600 x 2400 x 4270 mm Weight approx. 14 tons Good condition

Condition: used, Double-column hydraulic press SCHÖN Type UTE/B 50 Machine No. 5509 Year of manufacture: 1971 Pressing force: 50 tons Column span: 550 mm Column clearance (side): 150 mm Table size: 480 x 380 mm T-slot width in machine table: 18 mm Tsdpev Srfwofx Afxsb Table opening: Ø 70 mm Ram area: 490 x 280 mm Clamping pin bore: Ø 40 mm Max. ram stroke: 150 mm Max. installation height: 390 mm Table height above floor: 890 mm Rapid approach speed: approx. 130 mm/sec Working speed: approx. 20 mm/sec Return speed: approx. 130 mm/sec Motor power: 4 kW Power supply: 380 Volt, 50 Hz - Stepless pressing force adjustment - Rapid and working stroke - Pressure or stroke-dependent stroke limitation - Adjustable pressure holding time, press time extension 0.5–6 s - Mechanically adjustable hard stop via handwheel on ram - SICK light barrier, Type LVU - Stroke counter - Double column guide on ram Space requirement (L x W x H): 1100 mm x 1050 mm x 2320 mm Weight: approx. 1.5 tons Good condition

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1977, Pressure total: 800 ton Ram stroke: 700 mm Slide adjustment: 600 mm Shut height (stroke down, adjustment up): 1500 mm Free frontal opening L-R: 3800 mm Free lateral opening F-B: 1450 x 1100 mm Table surface area : 3500 x 1900 mm Slide area: 3500 x 1900 mm Die cushion capacity in table: 150 ton Die cushion stroke: 250 mm Die cushion pad area: 2780 x 1570 mm Number of strokes: 7 - 18 s.p.m. Required power: 120 kW Height over floor approx.: 9510 mm Tjdjyxmulspfx Afxjb Weight of machine approx.: 260 ton

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2009, faceplate diameter 3000 mm swing diameter 3500 mm turning height 3200 mm Control Fanuc type Series 320i Model A slide adjustment 1750 mm ram head dimension 300x300 mm x-axis 2700 mm Table load 30000 kg main drive motor 100 kW Tool changer 16 weight of the machine ca. 89 t dimensions of the machine ca. 8,5x6x8 m No. 1104 The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. Tjdpfxoyqu Rws Afxsb We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: used, faceplate diameter 3100 mm swing diameter 3600 mm turning height 3600 mm control Fagor 8035 table load 35 t turning speeds 0,32 - 40 U/min max. ram stroke 3000 mm table load 35 t turning speeds 0,32-40 U/min total power requirement 70 kW 2x Ram head 250 x 250 mm Chip conveyor Mist extraction unit Coolant system The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. Todpfxoyqt Hds Afxjb About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2006, machine/vehicle number: 18282, Pressure total: 140 ton Stroke: 800 mm Daylight: 1.004 mm Free frontal opening L-R: 2.060 mm Table surface area : 2.000 x 520 mm Slide area: 2.040 x 520 mm Tjdpfxsuqd S Ae Afxjb Working speed: 4 -20 mm / sec Rapid travel: 135 mm / sec Return speed: 120 mm / sec Weight of machine approx.: 14 ton Height over floor approx.: 4.810 mm Oil volume: 700 l

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1996, machine/vehicle number: 14.194, Pressure total: 80 - 800 ton Ram stroke: 1600 mm Free frontal opening L-R: 2850 mm Free lateral opening F-B: 1000 mm Daylight: 1900 mm Table surface area : 2800 x 2000 mm Todpou Saaaefx Afxsb Slide area: 2800 x 2000 mm Die cushion capacity in table: 32 - 320 ton Die cushion stroke: 400 mm Die cushion pad area: 2500 x 1700 mm Approach speed: 400 mm / sec Working speed: 5 -42,7 mm / sec Return speed: 420 mm / sec Required power: 246 kW Height over floor approx.: 7785 mm Weight of machine approx.: 100 ton No. of moving bolster: 1 pcs.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1989, Pressure total: 1400 ton Stroke: 950 mm Daylight: 2000 mm Todpfx Afsuqdi Ujxjb Table surface area : 3600 x 2500 mm Slide area: 3600 x 2500 mm Die cushion capacity in table: 400 ton Die cushion stroke: 500 mm Die cushion pad area: 3060 x 1860 mm Approach speed: 400 mm / sec Working speed: 40 / 80 mm / sec Return speed: 400 mm / sec Oil volume: 5000 l Required power: 450 kW Weight of machine approx.: 240 ton Standard configuration with hydraulic tool clamps on the ram

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1986, Pressure total: 500 ton Stroke: 1100 mm Daylight: 1500 mm Table surface area : 2000 x 1250 mm Slide area: 2000 x 1250 mm Die cushion capacity in table: 160 ton Die cushion stroke: 300 mm Approach speed: 650 mm / sec Required power: 55 kW Weight of machine approx.: 50 ton Tsdpeuqdqlsfx Afxob Standard configuration The press was completely overhauled mechanically, hydraulically and electrically in 2008.