Used Straight Knife Grinder for sale (3,985)

Condition: like new (used), Throughput depending on material type, speed, and cutting set Capacity: up to 4.000 kg/h Main motor power: 10KW / 15 KW Power supply: 380 V, 50 Hz Dimensions of the machine in cm: Width: 110 Lenght: 90 Godpfod S U E Rex Al Usbu Height: 115 Delivery time: 10 working days after advanced payment

Condition: used, Surface Grinding Machine, Precision Surface Grinder BRAND (Switzerland) Model FS 735 Machine No.: 322 82 Year of manufacture: 1982 Electro-magnetic chuck 700 x 300 mm Grinding length 700 mm Grinding width 300 mm Cross travel max. 340 mm Table longitudinal travel max. 750 mm Distance spindle center to magnet max. 400 mm Grinding wheel diameter 300 mm Grinding wheel width 50 mm Grinding wheel width 60 mm with single-sided recess in the grinding wheel Grinding wheel bore 127 mm Table longitudinal feed 0 - 30 m/min, stepless Table cross feed per pulse 1 to 10 mm Rapid cross traverse 340 mm in 6 sec Vertical infeed 0.001 - 0.055 mm Vertical rapid traverse 150 mm/min Grinding wheel speed 2500 rpm Grinding wheel surface speed 39 m/s Spindle drive motor power max. 5.7 kW Hydraulic motor power 1.5 kW Power supply 400 Volts, 50 Hz, approx. 7 kVA - Stepless grinding wheel speed adjustment - Automatic depth infeed - Automatic table cross feed, hydraulic and mechanical handwheel for table cross movement - Hydraulic clamping for the cross movement Godpfjn Saf Nsx Al Usbu - Hydraulic table longitudinal movement - Hydraulic dressing device - Electromagnetic chuck BRAILLON, Type BJP 700 x 300 mm, overall height 100 mm, continuously adjustable magnetic force - Centralized oil lubrication - BEDA band filter system with coolant tank and pump standing beside, L x W x H = 1600 x 650 x 1100 mm - Separate hydraulic unit with electrical cabinet, L x W x H = 1800 x 750 x 1700 mm - Machine equipped with one grinding wheel Ø 295 mm, width 50 mm - Two additional grinding wheel holders with grinding wheels (internal diameter 127 mm) - One grinding wheel puller Required space for surface grinder L x W x H 2200 x 1800 x 2350 mm Weight of surface grinder approx. 3100 kg Weight of hydraulic unit 500 kg Weight of band filter system 200 kg Space requirement on pallet 2700 x 2200 x 2500 mm Total weight with pallet approx. 4000 kg Good condition

Condition: used, Double bench grinder, double grinder, bench grinder, bench grinder -Manufacturer: Rema, double bench grinder type DS 12/200 A with sanding dust extraction Gbjdpfxjpcmt Ne Al Uou -Grinding discs: max. Ø 200 x 32 mm -Motor power: 0.9 kW -Speed: 2900 rpm -Operating voltage: 220/380 volts -Dimensions: 480/450/H1060 mm -Weight: 143 kg with pallet

Condition: used, Double bench grinder, double grinder, bench grinder, bench grinder Gbodpopg N Stefx Al Uju -Manufacturer: ESB, double bench grinder type DS 200 -Grinding discs: max. Ø 200 x 32 x 32 mm -Motor power: 0.9 kW -Speed: 3000 rpm -Receptacle: Shaft Ø 20 x 33 mm, see photos -Operating voltage: 220/380 volts -Dimensions: 490/195/H220 mm -Weight: 15 kg

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 6114676, Country of manufacture: Switzerland Voltage: 380 / 50 / 3 Net weight: 180 kg Dimensions: 850/620/1600 mm Installed power: 0.7 kVA Customs tariff code: 8460.3930 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS DOUBLE CUP PRE-GRINDING AND SUPER-FINISHING WHEEL (FOR HARD METAL) - Abrasive: diamond - Diameter: 175 mm - Bore: 20 mm Spindle speed: 2500 rpm Cutting speed: 23 m/sec Spindle bearing: precision plain bearing Micrometric infeed of the workpiece by means of a fine-pitch threaded spindle, division: 0.01 mm Adjustment of approach and clearance angle: max 26° TOOL HOLDER CLAMPING CAPACITY: - Prism-shaped tool bodies: max 40x40 mm - Cylindrical tool bodies: max 16 mm - Circular cutting tools: max 85 mm MOTOR POWER: Gbsdpfxsw T S Tbj Al Ueu - Drive motor: 0.55 kVA - Pump motor: 0.1 kVA Coolant tank capacity: 10 l. All technical specifications are provided without obligation and subject to error or omission.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: RX7_800074, total height: 1,905 mm, total length: 2,010 mm, total width: 2,508 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 20 kg, spindle speed (max.): 10,000 rpm, grinding wheel diameter: 202 mm, overall weight: 4,500 kg, power: 19 kW (25.83 HP), 5-axis CNC tool grinding machine – completely overhauled (X, Y, and Z axes, CNC). High-performance production machine with a polymer concrete bed (ANCAcrete), 19kW, 10,000/min spindle, and a dual disc changer for up to eight grinding wheels. PLX tool loader with 2 pallets, latest CNC generation, and the latest ToolRoom RN35 software installed. Optionally available with an extraction system and coolant system. !Offer only valid in Europe, Africa, and the Middle East! Gsdpfsw Uf Sgjx Al Uobu

Condition: used, TECHNICAL DETAILS - Disc : 2x - Connection : 50 Hz 3x400 V - Machine weight : 3200 [kg] - Number of hours under power : 99 287 [h] - Wheel diameter : 700 [mm] - Wheel height : 200 [mm] - Max. height of the workpiece : 100 [mm] Godpfew Ulnbox Al Ujbu EQUIPMENT - Aspiration : 1 - Coolant tank : 1 - Hydraulic unit : 1 - Tooling : 1 - Retention plate : 1

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2002, operating hours: 500 h, functionality: fully functional, max. grinding diameter 238 - 620 mm grinding length 190 mm Godpjw U Eg Rofx Al Uobu workpiece length 380 - 940 mm spindle turning speed - stepless 2 - 12000 U/min current capacity 380 kVA power capacity - grinding motor 1,1 kW total power requirement 2,2 kW weight of the machine ca. 0,6 t !!! We have almost all spare parts for the Deckel S 11 machines in stock !!! !!! Accessories can be varied as desired !!! We would be happy to trade in your used Deckel S 11 - contact us! 2189 400 V, 50 Hz, with CEE plug and cable Colour: body pastel turquoise RAL 6034 Stand blue-grey RAL 7031 Motorized height adjustment, axial grinding spindle adjustment Machine like new !! * Accesories: * Sk ??40 dividing head with 24 R dividing disc * Graduated disc 20 R * Tightening screw M 16 69871 * Spiral and relief grinding device with rack housing * Counter bearing with 4 tailstock centres * Center point with driver * Dressing device * Dressing diamond * Radius grinding device SK 40 complete with setting gauge * Steel holder for ditto * Support fingers with sliding blades * Support finger holder * Complete dust extraction without suction * Halogen light * Tooth support complete * Setting gauge * Plier sleeve and jacking nut and wrench * 35 collets 1.0 - 18.0 mm increasing by 0.5 mm * 1 set of SK 40 direct collets 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 2, 22, 25 mm * 6 jaw grinding chuck * 3 taper reducing sleeves Sk 40 x Mk 1, 2, 3, 4 * clamping nut * 20 grinding wheel chucks * 2 protective hoods * various diamond/borazon discs * Instruction Manual & Keys, Parts List, Wiring Diagram * Complete set of grinding instructions Machine is partially overhauled and with electrical acceptance report! !! Various measuring optics (new or used) with measuring cross sled available !!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1989, functionality: fully functional, grinding wheel diameter: 125 mm, overall weight: 520 kg, collet bore: 25 mm, grinding spindle speed: 500 rpm, power: 1.1 kW (1.50 HP), input current: 20 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, year of last overhaul: 2021, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, max. grinding diameter 238 - 620 mm grinding length 190 mm workpiece length 380 - 940 mm spindle turning speed - stepless 2 - 10000 U/min current capacity 380 kVA power capacity - grinding motor 1,1 kW total power requirement 2,2 kW weight of the machine ca. 0,6 t !!! We have almost all spare parts for the Deckel S 11 machines in stock !!! !!! Accessories can be varied as desired !!! We would be happy to trade in your used Deckel S 11 - contact us! Notice: We would be happy to provide you with a free offer. However, please understand that we only accept inquiries with a complete address edit. 1218 400 V, 50 Hz, with CEE plug and cable Colour: light grey RAL 7035 Stand traffic grey RAL 7042 (new paint) axial grinding spindle adjustment Accessories: * Machine stand and carrier plate ground * Complete electrical conversion included: > new three-phase drive > new brake motor > new frequency controller > new built-in electrics touch-proof > Fi circuit breaker > EMC cables and screwed connections > new protective cables > new control panel > Emergency stop switch * Opto electronic measuring device with microscope, support arm, parking space, new 2-axis Fagor digital readout and scales completely mounted and adjusted * dividing head Sk 40 with prisms and 24 R dividing disc * 1 graduated disc 14 + 22 R each * Twist and back-grinding device with rack and pinion housing * Setting gauge * Complete tooth support * pivoting support finger * LED lamp waldmann * Dust extraction device without vacuum cleaner * Univ. adjustment gauge * 10 direct collets Sk 40 6/ 8/ 10/ 12/ 14/ 16/ 18/ 20 22/ 25 mm * Collet sleeve with forcing nut Gbedpfx Ajw U Ehzjl Usu * 1 set = 35 collets S 20x2 from 1.0 - 18.0 mm by 0.5 mm each * 1 taper reducing sleeve Sk 40 x Mk 1/ 2/ 3/ 4 * 3 grinding wheel chuck L 48, 35 mm * Protective cover * Exchange grinding spindle * Tool cabinet with 4 drawers * Shelves for dto. * Operating key, operating instructions, spare parts list, circuit diagram * Machine and accessories completely overhauled and with electrical test certificate!* 6 months warranty !

Condition: like new (used), Meat grinder K+G Wetter Operating voltage: 400V / 50Hz Control voltage: 24V Power: 38kW Gbodpsx Aydlsfx Al Uju

Condition: new, PRICE: 2.000 EUR Gbedpfsx Dcd Dox Al Uju Meat grinder Manufacturer: Ital Form Completely made out of stainless steel Dimensions: 980x605x900mm 320kg/h Voltage: 220V / 50Hz Power: 2.2kW

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2008, feed length X-axis: 5,500 mm, feed length Y-axis: 650 mm, feed length Z-axis: 750 mm, feed rate X-axis: 20,000 m/min, feed rate Z-axis: 20,000 m/min, table length: 5,500 mm, table width: 750 mm, Profile grinder MAEGERLE - MGC-L 560 Gbjdpfxsx Swqwo Al Ueu Surface, Profile grinding machine 5600 mm CNC gear rack grinding machine Automatic grinding head B-Axis Grinding head ca 20 gr swivel ARO - KKS coolant tank 8000 L ( size 4400 x 1900 x 2200) Pendel opperation ( double table) Dresser automatic Table dresser X - Travel: 5500mm Y - Travel: 650mm Z - Travel: 750mm Table Length: 5500mm Table Width: 750mm Feed rate X-Axis: 20000mm/min. Feed rate Z-Axis: 20000mm/min. Grinding stone dimensions:600 x 300mm Power: 115kW Speeds: 8000Rpm Cooling system: Yes Feed rate Y-Axis: 20000mm/min. Length: 10700mm Width: 4700mm Height: 3800mm Weight: 42000kg Please Note: The information on this page has been obtained to the best of our ability and belief, and from the manufacturers where possible. It is given in good faith, but its accuracy can not be guaranteed. Accordingly, it will not form a representation or constitute contractual terms. We advise you to check any vital details!

Year of construction: 1964, condition: used, grinding length 160 x 400 mm Gjdex Ik Uuepfx Al Uobu mechanical ja weight of the machine ca. 0,5 t

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1998, max. wheel diameter 1000 mm gear width 152 mm max. module 17 max. wheel diameter 1000 mm control Fanuc Serie 150 M total power requirement 75 kW Gedpoyan N Eefx Al Ujbu weight of the machine ca. 29,5 t Max. diameter. Gear: 1,000 mm Dimensions: 5.5 x 5.3 x 3.2 m Weight: 29.5 tons Control: CNC (FANUC Series 150M) Max. wheel diameter 1,000 mm Max. day with single timing 1,000 mm Face milling Max. module 17 Control FANUC Series 150 M Number of teeth 5 - 300 FACE WIDTH 152 mm X-axis -305 Y-axis -305 / +305 mm Z-axis -25 / +711 mm B-axis -5 / 90 degrees

Condition: used, Three Knife Trimmer Kolbus HD 140.P with Copilot and automatic infeed Dreimeserautoat / Three Knife Trimmer Kolbus HD 140 P Baujahr / Year 2000 - Serial-No. 347 Format / Size max 305 x 420mm Formatbereich beschnitten / Size (trimmed) min. 100 x 100mm - max. 300 x 400mm Buchblock Stärke / Book block thickness min. 2mm - max. 80mm Stapelhöhe / Feeding height 80mm Mechanische Laufleistung / Speed max. 3.900 c/h Rechtseinfuhr / Infeed from right Equipment: Copilot automatic infeed automatical speed Regulation automatic lock of knife adjustment and pressing block automatic setting of Gjdpfsyb Swvsx Al Ujbu bookblock pressure Online-Video-Inspection by WhatsApp - MS Zoom - Telegram On Stock Emskirchen/Nürnberg - Available Immediately - Can be test

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, functionality: fully functional, working width: 1,300 mm, transport length: 7,500 mm, volume flow: 40,000 m³/h, total length: 7,500 mm, Used for drying coated glass, furniture, and wood-like materials. Consists of: - Tunnel 1. Dryer CEFLA FEV E: LAMINAR AIR DRYER (ECOGEL E4/5) Type: SP-FEV E - 90 kW - Tunnel 2. Dryer CEFLA FEV EU: AIR KNIFE DRYER (AQUADRY LA/5) Type: SP-FEV EU - 110 kW - Tunnel 3. Cooling zone CEFLA AIR KNIFE COOLING ZONE (AQUADRY RLA/2) Type: SP-FEV RU - Roller conveyor CEFLA TR 3000 Heating medium - Electricity 1. Dryer CEFLA FEV E: LAMINAR AIR DRYER (ECOGEL E4/5) Type: SP-FEV E - 90 kW This in-line hot air dryer is suitable for rapid evaporation and curing processes. This dryer is configured with a laminar hot air flow in a direction opposite to the panel feed and with adjustable recirculation. Gbjdpfx Asw H Aw Sol Uou Overall length: 7500 mm Working width: 1300 mm Overall width: 1783 mm Max. drying height: 1780 mm (excluding conveyor) Usable height of the passage: 80 mm Solvent-containing air exhausted to the outside: 0-4000 m³/h Machine control via LCD 5.7" touch control panel VS-Spark-proof fresh air/recirculation fan: Power: 2.2 kW; Flow rate: 40000 m³/h; Fresh air into the room: 0-4000 m³/h; Installed heating power: 76400 kcal/h (heating register 90 kW) 2. Dryer CEFLA FEV EU: AIR KNIFE DRYER (AQUADRY LA/5) Type: SP-FEV EU - 115 kW This in-line hot air dryer is suitable for rapid evaporation and curing processes. This dryer is configured with a laminar hot air flow in a direction opposite to the panel feed and with adjustable recirculation. Overall length: 7500 mm Working width: 1300 mm Overall width: 1783 mm Max. drying height: 1780 mm (excluding conveyor) Usable height of the passage: 80 mm Installed electrical power: 115 kW Solvent-containing air exhausted to the outside: 0-4000 m³/h Machine control via LCD 5.7" touch control panel VS-Spark-proof fresh air/recirculation fan: Power: 2.2 kW; Flow rate: 40000 m³/h; Output electrical power: 1.5 kW; Fresh air into the room: 0-4000 m³/h; Installed heating power: 76400 kcal/h PR-Antifreeze for heating register no. 1, with sensor and automatic control of the shut-off valve. 3. Cooling zone CEFLA AIR KNIFE COOLING ZONE (AQUADRY RLA/2) Type: SP-FEV RU Drum cooling tunnel with air knives is very efficient for achieving increased heat exchange due to the high air velocity. The ventilation unit consists of: - Fresh air and recirculation fan: 3 kW; Flow rate: 6000 m³/h - Exhaust fan: 1.5 kW; Flow rate: 6000 m³/h Digital adjustment of the ventilation via touchscreen. The air knives are installed transversely across the entire tunnel area. Air velocity at the air knife outlet max. 32.5 m/sec Overall length: 3000 mm Usable width: 1300 mm Overall width: 1783 mm Usable height of the passage: 80 mm Max. tunnel height: 1780 mm (excluding conveyor) Installed electrical power: 4.5 kW Machine control via LCD 5.7" touch TT 4000 slat conveyor with double chain, steel guides and chrome-plated slats: 4. Roller conveyor CEFLA TR 3000 Motorized with PVC-coated rollers Length: 3000 mm Photoelectric barrier for thin panels, thickness 4 mm (Changes and errors in technical data as well as prior sale are reserved)

Condition: used, Grinder with mixer Gbodpjw Idzgefx Al Ueu Manufacturer: Kramer Grebe Wetter Model: Grinder 130mm Made of stainless steel Lowest noise level Easy cleaning Hopper volume: 245 liters Voltage: 400V 50Hz Weight: 850kg

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2021, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 2011245, grinding length: 470 mm, grinding width: 165 mm, total height: 1,950 mm, total length: 1,350 mm, total width: 1,110 mm, distance table to spindle center: 450 mm, table length: 460 mm, type of input current: three-phase, table width: 150 mm, overall weight: 720 kg, rotational speed (max.): 2,850 rpm, warranty duration: 12 months, power: 2 kW (2.72 HP), input voltage: 400 V, disc diameter: 200 mm, Equipment: documentation/manual, ROGI surface grinder, 400V-3-phase includes: Magnetic chuck 2-axis digital readout system Grinding wheel flange Grinding wheel Balancing device Gjdok Iubvjpfx Al Uebu Cooling system LED work light Toolbox

Condition: used, Grinding machine, angle grinder, lathe grinder, thread drill grinder, milling cutter grinder, surface grinder, drill grinder, bench grinder, tool grinder -Manufacturer: Bösch, tool grinding machine type L 15 Gsdpfx Alolmrkze Uebu -Grinding discs: Ø max. 150 x 32mm / framed Ø 125 mm see photos -Motor power: 0.55 kW -Speed: 2800 rpm -Coolant device: -Dimensions: 1110/480/H1310 mm -Weight: approx. 182 kg

Condition: ready for operation (used), machine/vehicle number: 17331, grinding area: 200 x 35 mm Gbjdod Ixbcspfx Al Usu electrical connection: 380 V, 0,55 kW space needed: 530 x 400 x 1180 mm weight:

Condition: used, Schulz roller curve conveyor right with straight section and pusher 90°-450-390 IR795+650-450-390 RA1200 Roller curve: Angle: 90° right Useful width (NUB): 390 mm Nominal/outer width (NB): 450 mm Inner radius (IR): 795 mm Center radius: 1,000 mm Straight section: Gbsdpfx Ask Aa Ilel Uou Conveyor length (FL): 650 mm Effective width (NUB): 390 mm Nominal/outer width (NB): 450 mm Rollers, galvanized Pitch: 75 mm Conveying gear motor: 0.25 kW Conveying speed: v= 0.3 m/sec. Drive: Round belt curve + straight section 2. electric drive for chain scraper Shipping dimensions: LxWxH: 2100x700x800 mm Scope of delivery: incl. side guide on both sides without supports (please enquire if required) Supports optionally available: 2 double supports height-adjustable OK roller +/-100 mm Frequency converter for stepless speed change Price plus VAT ex central warehouse Dr. Sonntag KG 97076 Würzburg Für eine individuelle, fachmännische Beratung setzten Sie sich einfach mit uns in Verbindung. Kontaktieren Sie uns einfach telefonisch oder per Mail. Wir helfen Ihnen gerne bei der Planung und Umsetzung Ihrer Projekte. Wir freuen uns darauf von Ihnen zu hören. Mit freundlichen Grüßen Ihr Team der Dr. Sonntag GmbH & Co. KG Ihr Spezialist und Ansprechpartner für Intralogistik

Condition: used, Schulz roller curve conveyor right with straight section 90°-450-390 IR795+1350-450-390 RA1201 Roller curve: Angle: 90° right Useful width (NUB): 390 mm Nominal/outside width (NB): 450 mm Inner radius (IR): 795 mm Straight section: Conveyor length (FL): 1350 mm Effective width (NUB): 390 mm Nominal/outer width (NB): 450 mm Rollers, galvanized Pitch: 75 mm Gear motor: 0.25 kW Conveying speed: v= 0.3 m/sec. Drive: round belt continuous curve + straight section Scope of delivery: incl. lateral guide on both sides without supports (please enquire if required) Supports optionally available: 2 double supports height-adjustable OK roller +/-100 mm Gbsdjk Aa Ipspfx Al Uou Frequency converter for stepless speed change Price plus VAT ex central warehouse Dr. Sonntag KG 97076 Würzburg Für eine individuelle, fachmännische Beratung setzten Sie sich einfach mit uns in Verbindung. Kontaktieren Sie uns einfach telefonisch oder per Mail. Wir helfen Ihnen gerne bei der Planung und Umsetzung Ihrer Projekte. Wir freuen uns darauf von Ihnen zu hören. Mit freundlichen Grüßen Ihr Team der Dr. Sonntag GmbH & Co. KG Ihr Spezialist und Ansprechpartner für Intralogistik

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1995, 2 grinding aggregates with 22kW motors each Cleaning brush Smooth feed regulation Gbedpfxohxvi Es Al Uou Vacuum suction of the workpiece Powered receiving roller table

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1984, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: BO 94392, A familair machine in any toolroom, this Jones and Shipman 540P is equipped with a 6″ x 18″ magnetic chuck, power rise and fall, coolant system and dust extraction. A toolroom institution: USED Jones & Shipman Model 540P Horizontal Spindle Surface Grinding Machine Specification Working Surface of the table 457 x 152mm Longitudinal traverse of table, hand and hydraulic 483mm Total cross traverse of table, hand and hydraulic 168mm Floor-to-table height 1035mm Table traverse speed range per min 1.5 – 18m Cross-feed range per stroke at each reversal 0.178 – 1.78mm Micrometer cross feed graduated in Vertical feed adjustment in increments of 0.002mm Vertical movement of wheelhead (max) 280mm Wheel spindle centre to table (min) 50mm Size of grinding wheel 180 x 13 x 31.75mm bore Speed of wheel 3000rpm Wheelhead motor 1.5kW Gedpfx Aonxi R Ujl Ujbu Hydraulic pump motor 0.55kW Machine in Imperial execution Machine equipped with Magnetic chuck Power rise and fall to wheel head Table guard Wheel guard Coolant System Dust extraction Lighting

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 1761-1700, 457 x 152mm capacity. Equipped with magnetic chuck, power rise and fall to wheel head, table guard, coolant system, and dust extraction. SPECIFICATION Jones & Shipman Model 540P Gbodpfxenxi Uuj Al Uju Working Surface of table 457 x 152mm Longitudinal traverse of table, hand and hydraulic 483mm Total cross traverse of table, hand and hydraulic 168mm Floor to table height 1035mm Table traverse speed range per min 1.5 – 18m Cross feed range per stroke at each reversal 0.178 – 1.78mm Micrometer cross feed graduated in Vertical feed adjustment in increments of 0.002mm Vertical movement of wheelhead (max) 280mm Wheel spindle center to table (min) 50mm Size of grinding wheel 180 x 13 x 31.75mm bore Speed of wheel 2880rpm Wheelhead motor 1.5kW Hydraulic pump motor 0.55kW Machine in Imperial execution MACHINE EQUIPPED WITH Magnetic chuck Power rise and fall to wheel head Table guard Wheel guard Coolant System Dust extraction